Communication and Network

Modulation

Modulation is the addition of information to an electronic or optical signal carrier with a modulation signal which typically contains information to be transmitted. For most of the radio or telecommunication, modulation is the process of conveying a message signal.

Demodulation

A demodulation is the conversion of a modulated carrier wave into a current equivalent to the original signal which also called detection. A demodulator is an electronic circuit that is used to recover the information content from the modulated carrier wave.

Bandwidth

In computer networks, bandwidth is used as a synonym for data transfer rate. Besides that, bandwidth also refers to how much data you can send through a network or modem connection. It usually expressed in bits per second.

TCP/IP

TCP/IP short for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. TCP/IP uses several protocols, the two main ones being TCP and IP. Even networking operation systems that have their own protocols, such as Netware, also support TCP/IP.

Node

In a network, a node is a connection point, either a redistribution point or an end point or data transmissions. A node can also refer to a leaf, which is a folder or file on a hard disk.

Client

A client is the requesting program or user in a client or server relationship. The term was first applied to devices that were not capable of running their own stand-alone programs, but interact with the remote computers via a network.

Server

A server is a computer or device on a network that manages network resources. When users connect to a server, they can access programs, files and other information from the server. A server could refer o the program that is managing resources rather than the entire computer.

Network Operating Systems

A network operating systems is a software that provides users with a variety of data communication service that includes special functions for connecting computers and devices into a local-are network (LAN).

Network Administrator

A network administrator is a person who manages a local area communications network (LAN) or a wide are network (WAN) for an organization. The network administrator will concentrate on the overall integrity of the network, server development, security and ensuring the network connectivity.

Secondary Storage

Disk Caching

A disk cache is a mechanism for improving the time it takes to read from or write to a hard disk. It can also be a specified portion of random access memory (RAM). Hard disk caches are more effective, but they are also much more expensive, and smaller. 

File Compression

File Compression is useful because it helps reduce the consumption of expensive resources, like hard disk space or transmission bandwidth. The compressed data must be decompressed to be used and it may be detrimental to some applications. 

File Decompression

A file decompression is an information density which encoding of data to consume less space and bandwidth. Data decompression is the reverse which the decoding of compressed data to restore the unique data.

Internet Hard Drive

An Internet hard drives also known as i-drive or online storage. Internet hard drives can access information from any location using the Internet. It also oriented to either businesses or individuals.

Optical Disk Drive

In computing, an optical disc drive which is ODD, is a disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves. It nears the light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs.

Solid-State Storage

A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device that uses solid-state memory to store persistent data. It is the equivalent of large-capacity, nonvolatile memory and used to record MP3 music files and stored images captured from digital cameras then transfer the images to pc.

Input and Output

Ergonomic Keyboard

An ergonomic keyboard is a keyboard that separates the keys into two halve shaped like a wide "V". It allows the right and left hands to type at a slight angle that being comfortable for most people.

Inkjet Printer

Inkjet printer is a type of printer that works by spraying ionized ink at a sheet of paper. Inkjet printers are capable of producing high quality print approaching that produced by laser printers and it also provides a resolution of 300 dots per inch, although some newer models offer higher resolutions. It is the best inkjet printers use a five color ink cartridge.

Laser Printer

A laser printer is a printer that uses a focused beam or light to transfer text or images onto paper. As paper passes through the printer, the laser beam fires at the surface of a cylindrical drum called a photoreceptor. The drum has an electrical charge, which reversed in area where the laser beam hits it.

Magnetic- Ink Character Recognition

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition is a character recognition system that uses special ink and characters. When a document that contains think ink needs to be read, it passes through a machine, which magnetizes the ink and translates the magnetic information into characters. It is a language that universally used by bankers on cheques.

Optical- Character Recognition

The short for Optical Character Recognition is OCR. OCR is an optical character recognition refers to the branch of computer science that involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that the computer can manipulate.

Optical- Mark Recognition

Optical Mark Recognition also known as Optical Mark Reading. OMR technology scans a printed form and reads predefined positions and records where marks are made on the form.